Influenza (Flu)

Key Points

Overview

Flu, or influenza, is a common viral infection that primarily affects the respiratory system. It is highly contagious and spreads easily through coughs and sneezes, with germs able to live on surfaces for up to 24 hours. While many people recover from flu on their own, it can lead to serious complications, especially in older adults, young children, pregnant individuals, and those with underlying health conditions or weakened immune systems. Management typically involves rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications to relieve symptoms. Vaccination is a key preventive measure to reduce the risk of infection and severe illness.

Signs and Symptoms

• Sudden high temperature
• Aching body
• Feeling tired or exhausted
• Dry cough
• Sore throat
• Headache
• Difficulty sleeping
• Loss of appetite
• Diarrhea or tummy pain (less common in adults)

Things That Increase the Risk

• Being 65 years or older
• Being pregnant or recently given birth
• Having a long-term medical condition (e.g., diabetes, heart, lung, kidney disease)
• Having a weakened immune system (e.g., due to chemotherapy or HIV)

Diagnosis

• Clinical assessment of symptoms
• Rapid onset of symptoms
• Distinction from common cold symptoms

Treatment & Management

• Rest and sleep
• Take paracetamol or ibuprofen for pain and fever
• Drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration
• Consult a pharmacist for flu remedies

Prevention

• Get the flu vaccine if advised
• Wash hands often with warm water and soap
• Cover mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
• Stay home to avoid spreading the virus

Related Diseases

• Common Cold
• Pneumonia
• Bronchitis
• COVID-19

Available Treatments

Explore our range of treatment options for Influenza (Flu):