Ear Infections

Key Points

Overview

Ear infections are a common condition where parts of the ear become inflamed. They frequently affect children but can also occur in adults. These infections can be caused by viruses, such as those responsible for colds and flu, or by bacteria. Sometimes, irritation from water, earplugs, or skin conditions like eczema can also lead to an infection. Most ear infections clear up on their own within a few days. Treatment often involves managing pain, and in some cases, antibiotics or eardrops may be prescribed depending on the cause and location of the infection.

Signs and Symptoms

• Pain inside the ear (earache)
• High temperature
• Difficulty hearing
• Discharge from the ear
• Feeling of pressure or fullness
• Itching or irritation around the ear
• Scaly skin in or around the ear
• Young children may rub or pull their ear
• Young children may be irritable or restless
• Young children may lose their balance

Things That Increase the Risk

• Being a child, especially under 12 months old
• Exposure to colds and flu viruses
• Irritation from water or earplugs
• Skin conditions like eczema affecting the ear canal
• Weakened immune system
• Having diabetes or other chronic conditions
• Exposure to smoky environments

Diagnosis

• GP or pharmacist examines ear with an otoscope
• Using an instrument with a light and magnifying glass
• Checking for blockages with a small puff of air

Treatment & Management

• Painkillers like paracetamol or ibuprofen
• Antibiotic tablets or eardrops
• Antifungal or steroid eardrops
• Painkilling eardrops
• Draining pus from a spot or boil in the ear
• Wiping away ear discharge with cotton wool
• Proper application of eardrops

Prevention

• Ensure childhood vaccinations are up to date
• Keep children away from smoky environments
• Avoid using a dummy for children over 6 months old
• Do not stick cotton buds or fingers in ears
• Use earplugs or a swimming hat when swimming
• Prevent water or shampoo from entering ears during bathing
• Treat existing ear conditions like eczema or allergies

Related Diseases

• Otitis Media (Middle Ear Infection)
• Otitis Externa (Swimmer's Ear)
• Labyrinthitis
• Common Cold
• Influenza (Flu)

Available Treatments

Explore our range of treatment options for Ear Infections:

Surgical Options

Learn about surgical procedures available for Ear Infections: