Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Key Points

Overview

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a blood clot forms in one of the deep veins, most often in the leg. While it can happen in other parts of the body, leg DVT is the most common. This condition can be serious because a part of the clot might break off and travel to the lungs, causing a life-threatening condition called a pulmonary embolism. DVT can develop for various reasons, including prolonged immobility, recent surgery, certain medical conditions, and lifestyle factors. It's crucial to seek medical help quickly if you suspect you have DVT to prevent serious complications. Diagnosis typically involves an ultrasound scan to confirm the presence of a clot. Treatment usually includes blood-thinning medications to dissolve the clot and prevent new ones from forming, alongside lifestyle adjustments to support recovery and reduce future risk.

Signs and Symptoms

• Throbbing pain in one leg, often calf or thigh
• Swelling in one leg
• Red, blue, or darkened skin around the painful area
• Swollen veins that may be tender to touch
• Shortness of breath or chest pain (seek immediate help)

Things That Increase the Risk

• Being over 60 years old
• Being overweight or obese
• Having a history of DVT
• Taking HRT or combined contraceptive pills
• Having cancer or heart failure
• Recent hospital stay or surgery
• Being confined to bed for three or more days
• Long journeys (over 4 hours) by plane, car, or train
• Pregnancy or having given birth in the last 6 weeks
• Dehydration

Diagnosis

• Doctor's assessment based on symptoms
• Urgent referral to hospital within 24 hours
• Ultrasound scan to check blood flow in the vein

Treatment & Management

• Blood-thinning medicines (anticoagulants)
• Usually taken for at least 3 months
• Blood-thinning injections during pregnancy and postpartum
• Staying active, such as regular walking
• Keeping the affected leg raised when sitting
• Delaying flights or long journeys for at least 2 weeks after starting medication

Prevention

• Maintain a healthy weight
• Stay active with regular walks
• Drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration
• Avoid sitting still for long periods, move around hourly
• Do not smoke
• Limit alcohol intake
• Wear loose clothing during long journeys
• Walk around when possible during long journeys
• Use compression stockings if advised by healthcare team

Related Diseases

• Pulmonary Embolism
• Post-thrombotic syndrome
• Varicose Veins
• Thrombophilia

Available Treatments

Explore our range of treatment options for Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT):

Surgical Options

Learn about surgical procedures available for Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT):